In what circumstances did you use quotasCAn approach that could have the favours of EDFAppeal to children is also important that seduce adultsis a classic of Latin American radical leftOfficially the US Treasury hopes still avoid an organized bankruptcyThey are more in the Exchange and networks5 billion or slightly more than 2 euros per shareWhile he came to the phenomenal war Treasury EUR 11There is if long yet here were opium dens3 million exercise of overallotment option"Bobo", young couples concerned of the health of their children, women in business performance..., modernizes the profile of buyers of organic products. Often equated, wrongly, to illuminated green, sickly people or dwell genuine, visitors to the Salon Marjolaine it stands at this time, in the Parc floral of Paris are very "trendy". Today, more and more French suit to Jean-Pierre Coffe with his sense of nuance, launched a vibrant plea for "organic farming, a political necessity, a civic duty, a citizen imperative."
According to a survey commissioned by the Bio agency CSA, a public interest group created to develop organic agriculture, "close to a French in two (47) consume organic at least once a month" and "more than one in two (56) feels close to the values bio". These statements are reflected in the figures. Indeed, consumption of organic food increased by 10 per year since 1999, to represent EUR 1.56 billion in 2005, while the annual demand for conventional foods grew only 3.6. "Such growth on such a period is no longer an epiphenomenon, as seen with the mad cow crisis, this is a substantive trend," says Elisabeth Mercier, President of the Bio Agency. A sense that are consistent with studies of the British research firm Organic monitor, table "a French market of 2 billion euros this year", with the Director, Amarjit Sahota, States that "progress also benefit cosmetics, with demand rising by 15 " (see this below).
An unfavourable agricultural policy
One such development, the national offer is at the height. Yet, the France was precursor in the 1980s because it is home to only 60 of the hectares cultivated in bio in the EEC. But it has become the poor parent. Last year, lands valued according to the methods of organic agriculture accounted in the hexagon 2 of the agricultural surface useful (UAA), or 560.838 hectares, while in Italy, they covered 6.22 Germany 4.62 Austria 15. And "the objective of the German Government is to reach 20 of the UAA in bio by 2012," says Vincent Perrot, Delegate General of the National Federation of organic agriculture (FNAB). The French situation is the result of the contradictory signals given by the Ministers of Agriculture since a decade. "They have generated a market unbalanced with too much meat and cattle from dairy products needs," analysis Amarjit Sahota, thus confirming the fears expressed by several observers see the dairy market move from surplus to deficit.
The lack of focus by farmers to organic methods reflects the philosophy of an agricultural policy oriented distribution of the aid in proportion of cultivated areas and quantities produced. "More the farmer produces more it is funded." "This system leads to pay 80 of aid to 20 of holdings and does not support our principles that emphasize small surfaces and less intensive crop," said Vincent Perrot. According to calculations by FNAB, which brings together 11.402 farms, subsidies to a bio operator are 35 lower than that enjoys equal structure, a conventional farmer. "This gap is most important that the price to the consumption of organic products of a hand and conventional gap of 15 to 30 following products on the other," notes François Thiery, manufacturer of organic cheese in the Vosges and Vice-President of the Federation. "If we receive the same aid than conventional farmers, we could almost sell our cheaper production, he says, despite lower yields, because we do savings on inputs: fertilizers, pesticides, antibiotic.". And added: "Moreover, this does not account for the increased cost to society in the fight against the pollution of waters by nitrates or from conventional agriculture food-related health problems."
A new type of consumer
A note far from harmless, because it shows the two fundamental reasons why consumers interested in organic food. Stating close "bio values", 56 French show that sustainable development is all in their eyes. And that this means "a greater respect for the Earth that feeds us", as Philippe Desbrosses, farmer and doctor of environmental science. "More and more people make the link between food production and State of the planet", continued the activist of the first hour.
before rebel: "the problem is that, since thirty years, it tried how obsessive to substitute for all natural and free of ecosystem functions and triumphant petrochemical plant industry Fireworks." And our taxes that make the prosperity of the agrochemical industry.It will be understood, the subject is always passion, at least in the hard core of supporters of the bio. Because, novelty, it is the arrival of a wave of consumers who aligned themselves with this approach, to marry the struggles of the historical movement against "the farming lobby and the FNSEA, gravediggers of agriculture", in the words of Philippe Desbrosses. Although "the motivation and the process are partly ethical, health concerns are paramount," his side Hugues Toussaint, Secretary General of Biocoop, a network of 265 stores in France which captures 10 of the market for organic products. The consumer, more individualistic and less utopian, is also less militant than in the 1970s.
Consume, Claude Fournier bio, trade is a land of society led by a certain conception of des relève relève succession "This is what always motivated the historical players in the sector." "Today, the new followers do not follow this logic", says the Director of this SCOP whose purpose is to reach practical ecology. Reasons they are sensitive to convenience health. This explains the increasing weight that take large surfaces on the market of organic products, like Carrefour, who made this choice in the 1990s, first with the bread, and a very wide range now. "The GMS to supply those able to regularly provide fruit and vegetables bio but calibrated." They do not seek to favour local producers, says Claude Fournier. After all, what more important bio will be available, more people will benefit.
It is also the circuit of distribution that performing SMEs are part of their commercial success. Present in the bio for thirty years, the Breton dairy Triballat is few. It carries out 260 million euros of turnover through its brands Sojasun, true or little Billy, and Gwenaëlle Le Garrec, its marketing manager, welcomes "nice progress registered since the beginning of the year". It analyses: "We have the craze for the respect for nature." In addition, the arrival on the market of large operators such as "Two cows" (Editor's Note: Danone Group) will support the development. "Same feeling on the side of Ivan Kloboukoff, Director of the food market in Lea Nature, which called its range of dry grocery"Garden Bio", since it is in" 18 growth in demand since January. However, Bodin, biological volailler, purchased by the conventional agricultural cooperative Terrena, continues to suffer the risk "avian influenza".
Efforts of creativity
The expansion of these businesses is also a high creativity. "They make great efforts to modernize the image of the bio," said Cecile Frissur, General delegate of Synabio (national Union of the processors of organic agriculture). "We create non-stop products", confirms the head of marketing for Triballat. "The whole industry strives to speak of the bio in a positive way by offering new and attractive products", said Philippe Blais, quality manager at Ecocert, one of the six certification bodies for products bio. Each year, the company provides the AB label to more than 100,000 products. This approach required for entitlement to the Green logo costs an average of 400 euros to producers, but "significantly less than 1 of its turnover to an industrialist, i.e. a paltry compared to its overall costs", says Philippe Blais, while admitting "an additional constraints and labour".
"Eat organic, it is not the Deluxe" (1), launched in response to the critics of this form of production Lylian Le Goff in his book, very practical and concrete. This is not always simple, because it requires a nutritional approach offset with food methods now in vogue. Nevertheless, "health, better is worth a sandwich bread bio ingredients without pesticides, as a"big"soft bread, slightly sweet, without nutrient with a chopped steak with 15 fat and a sheet of inconsistent salad", finds a recently converted consumer that expects, full of hope, "the day where the American small round bread King propose of Mcbio".
